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  • Story: The Palatinate (Pfalz)

    <p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">The <strong><u>Palatinate</u></strong> (<strong><u><span>Pfalz</span></u></strong>) was a historical German duchy, originally located on both sides of the Rhine. <span>&nbsp;</span>Its capital was <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Heidelberg</span>.&nbsp;<span>&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">The area designated by this name today is a result of territorial re-organizations from 1802 to 1815 in which the parts on the right side of the Rhine were annexed to <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Baden</span>, and the areas on the left side were enlarged. <span>&nbsp;</span>In 1920 the westernmost parts were allocated to the newly created <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Saar</span> area. <span>&nbsp;</span>The Palatinate continued to be ruled by <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavaria</span>, as an exclave, until <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">1945</span>/1946, following WWII, when the area became a part of the new state of <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Rhineland-Palatinate</span>.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">In 1156, Emperor Frederick I bestowed the title count palatine on his half-brother Conrad, who was in possession of territories on both sides of the Rhine.&nbsp; More extensive than the present Rhenish Palatinate, these territories also included the northern part of modern <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Baden</span>, but not the bishopric of Speyer and other enclaves in the palatine lands west of the Rhine. <span>&nbsp;</span>In 1214, when Conrad&#39;s line died out, the Palatinate passed to the <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavarian Wittelsbach dynasty</span>. <span>&nbsp;</span>The Wittelsbachs enlarged their holdings along the Bohemian border, which were constituted as the Upper Palatinate. <span>&nbsp;</span>In 1356 the German princes were granted the Golden Bull, which gave them the right to vote in the election of the <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Holy Roman Emperor</span>. <span>&nbsp;</span>Their territories were henceforth called the Electoral Palatinate, i.e., &ldquo;Ger. <span>Kurpfalz</span>&rdquo;.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">The Rhenish Palatinate flourished in the 15th and 16th cent., and its capital, Heidelberg, was a center of the German Renaissance and Reformation. <span>&nbsp;</span>The 1619 election of Elector Frederick V, the &ldquo;Winter King&rdquo;, as king of Bohemia precipitated the Thirty Years War, in which the Palatinate was ravaged both by the imperial forces under Tilly and by the Protestant army under Mansfeld. <span>&nbsp;</span>The Upper Palatinate and the electoral vote were taken from Frederick and transferred to <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavaria</span>, but at the Peace of Westphalia, in 1648, a new vote was created for Frederick&#39;s successor, Charles Louis, and the Rhenish lands, devastated in the war, were returned to his control. <span>&nbsp;</span>The Upper Palatinate remained a part of <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavaria</span>. <span>&nbsp;</span>The region became involved in the War of the Grand Alliance with Louis XIV, who ordered the destruction of the Rhenish Palatinate, which occurred in 1688-1689. In 1720 the capital was transferred to Mannheim.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">The palatine lands west of the Rhine were <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">conquered by France</span> in the French Revolutionary Wars. <span>&nbsp;</span>In 1803, Maximilian ceded the palatine lands east of the Rhine to <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Baden</span>, <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Hesse-Darmstadt</span>, and <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Nassau</span>, but in 1806 he became king of a much-enlarged <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavaria</span>, and at the Congress of Vienna, in 1815, he recovered part of the Rhenish Palatinate west of the Rhine, including Speyer and other enclaves. <span>&nbsp;</span>Several districts, however, were awarded to <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Prussia</span>, <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Hesse</span>, and <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Oldenburg</span>. <span>&nbsp;</span>The Upper Palatinate was increased by the addition of <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Regensburg</span>, which replaced Amberg as capital. <span>&nbsp;</span>Both the Rhenish and the Upper Palatinate became integral parts of <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavaria</span>. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">During the German Empire 1871-1918 the <span>Pfalz</span> (Palatinate), was a &ldquo;<span>Regierungsbezirk&rdquo;</span>, i.e., government district, of <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavaria</span>, hence a proper part of Bavaria.<span>&nbsp; </span><span>Pfalz</span> was simply the eighth province of <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavaria</span>. <span>&nbsp;</span>However, the term &ldquo;<span>Kreis&rdquo;</span> was used in those times, whereas <span>Regierungsbezirk</span> is the modern term, used after 1945.&nbsp;<span>&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">In <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">1945</span>, following the end of WWII, the Palatinate (<span>Pfalz)</span> became a part of the French Occupation Zone.<span>&nbsp; </span>Because it was included in the French Occupation Zone, it was no longer part of <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bavaria as reconstituted in 1945</span>. Instead, in 1946 it was made part of the newly created &ldquo;Land&rdquo;, or state, of <span><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Rheinland-Pfalz</span> (or Rhineland-Palatinate)</span>. <span>&nbsp;</span>The rest of Bavaria, being in the American Occupation Zone, was re-created as a <span>Land</span> on September 19, 1945.<span>&nbsp; </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">As of 2000, only one part of the present Rhineland-Palatinate constitutes a &ldquo;<em><span style="font-style: normal; font-family: arial">H&ouml;here Kommunalverband&rdquo;</span></em>, i.e., higher communal association, namely the <em><em><span style="color: windowtext; font-style: normal; font-family: arial; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Bezirksverband Pfalz</span></em></em>.<span>&nbsp; </span>[<u>Source for this statement</u>:<span>&nbsp; </span>Dieter Linder, <em><span style="font-style: normal; font-family: arial">The &quot;H&ouml;here Kommunalverb&auml;nde&quot; in Germany</span></em>, oral presentation during the 19th International Congress of Vexillology at York (July 23-27, 2001) (with permission from the author).]</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial"><u>Source</u></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">:<span>&nbsp; </span>URL &lt;<span style="color: black; font-style: normal; font-family: arial">www.fotw.net/flags/de-pf_hi.html</span>&gt;; citing - &quot;From the Infoplease.com website&quot;; [text substantially modified].</span></span></p>

  • Story: Anna Apolonia ????? Married Johann Andreas Beyer In Gommersheim, Sudliche Weinstrasse, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germ.

    <p><font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif">&quot;[T]<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">he Lutheran church register of Gommersheim.&nbsp; . . .&nbsp;gives us&nbsp;. . . [Johann Andreas Beyer&quot;s]&nbsp;wife&#39;s name as <strong><u>Anna Apolonia</u></strong>, and names four children, born at Gommersheim.&quot;</span></font></p><p><font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial"><u>Note</u>:&nbsp; More fully described, the location of Gommersheim was -&nbsp;Gommersheim, Sudliche Weinstrasse, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany.&nbsp; The place name &quot;Pfalz&quot; means that Gommersheim was in the Palatinate.</span></span></font></p><p><font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial"><u>Source</u>:&nbsp; <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial"><u>American Boyers</u>, by </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">Donald Arthur Boyer, by The Association of American Boyers, USA (1984), repository: DAR Library, Washington, DC; citing and quoting <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial"><u>Pennsylvania Dutch Pioneers from South Palatinate Parishes</u></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial"> by Fritz Braun and Friedrich Krebs, translated by Don Yoder and appearing in the Spring 1957 issue of <u>The Pennsylvania Dutchman</u>, </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt">8 vols. 1949-1957 (Family History Library </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt"><span style="color: windowtext">book 974.8 B2pf</span><span style="color: black">), </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">published at Kutztown, PA, </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt">continued by <span><u>Pennsylvania Folklife</u> 1958, p</span>ublished by Pennsylvania Dutch Folklore Center, P. O. Box 92, Collegeville, PA 19426 <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial">[emphasis and note added; text modified for clarity and uniformity; certain citations modified to provide additional information and/or to conform to blue book standards]</span>.</span><br></span></span></font></p>

 
 
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