Godfrey I " the Bearded" Brabant de Leuven, Count of Louvain
1060-1139
Born: Brabant, Meuse, Lorraine, France
Died: Yerushalayim, Yerushalayim, Israel (died fighting in the Crusades)
1060-1139
Born: Brabant, Meuse, Lorraine, France
Died: Yerushalayim, Yerushalayim, Israel (died fighting in the Crusades)
<p> </p> <div style="margin-: -5em; margin-: 11em; height: 5em; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaeaaaabcaiaaacqd1peaaaadeleqvqihwnyfv0naasganhgopmuaaaaaelftksuqmcc); -webkit-transition-property: margin-; -webkit-transition-duration: 250ms; -webkit-transition-timing-function: initial; -webkit-transition-delay: initial; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-: 0% 100%; background-repeat: repeat no-repeat;"> </div> <div style="margin-: 11em; padding-: 1.25em; padding-right: 1.5em; padding-bottom: 1.5em; padding-: 1.5em; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaeaaaabcaiaaacqd1peaaaadeleqvqihwnyfv0naasganhgopmuaaaaaelftksuqmcc); background-color: white; color: black; direction: ltr; line-height: 1.5em; -webkit-transition-property: margin-, padding; -webkit-transition-duration: 250ms, 250ms; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat repeat;"> <div style=": relative; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: 0px;"> </div> <span dir="auto">Lower Lorraine</span> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; : relative; width: 1176px; line-height: 1.5em;"> <div style="display: inline; font-size: 12px;">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> <div style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.2em; margin-: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-: 1em; color: #7d7d7d; width: auto;"> </div> <div style="overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; height: 0px; zoom: 1; margin-: -1.4em; margin-bottom: 1.4em;"> </div> <div style="direction: ltr;"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-image" style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; padding-top: 2px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 0.5em; text-align: center; border-style: none;"> <div style="width: 52px;"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" alt="" width="50" height="39"></div> </td> <td class="mbox-text" style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.25em; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; padding-left: 0.5em; width: 855px; border-style: none;"><span class="mbox-text-span">This article <strong>needs additional citations for verification</strong>. <span class="hide-when-compact">Please help <a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: #3366bb; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms+9aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab/ikegorxxhqb+ua9bfcm0lazuh+yiead+caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii=); background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; padding-top: 0px !important; padding-right: 13px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0px !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lower_Lorraine&action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; padding: 0px !important;" title="Help:Introduction to referencing/1" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; padding: 0px !important;" title="Template:Citation needed" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation_needed">challenged</a> and <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; padding: 0px !important;" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence">removed</a>.</span> <small><em>(July 2012)</em></small></span></td> </tr> </tbody> <div style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1.3em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; margin-: 0.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-: 1.4em;"> <div style="min-width: 100px; background-color: #f9f9f9; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; width: 302px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; padding: 3px !important;"><img class="thumbimage" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lotharingia-959.svg/300px-Lotharingia-959.svg.png" alt="" width="300" height="396"> <div style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; line-height: 1.4em; font-size: 11px; text-align: ; border-style: none; padding: 3px !important;"> <div style="border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; float: right; background-: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-style: none !important;"><img style="border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; vertical-align: middle; display: block; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-style: none !important;" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.21wmf6/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11"></div> Lotharingia divided, around 1000<br>Blue: Alsace 925 ceded to Suebia<br>Orange: Upper Lorraine after 959<br>Green: Lower Lorraine after 977<br>(red: language border)</div> </div> </div> <tbody> <tr><th colspan="5"> <div style="text-align: center; position: relative; white-space: nowrap;">History of the <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Low Countries" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Countries">Low Countries</a> <div class="noprint plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="display: inline; font-size: 9px; font-weight: normal; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px;"> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaauaaaanaqmaaabb8jblaaaablbmvex///8auow5qsojaaaaaxrstlmaqobyzgaaabnjrefucb1jyeabbqw/wlcagqeagpidyt0ivcsaaaaasuvork5cyii=); display: inline; white-space: nowrap; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> <li class="nv-view" style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: -0.125em; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; padding: 0px !important;" title="Template:History of the Low Countries" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:History_of_the_Low_Countries"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;" title="View this template">v</span></a></li> <li class="nv-talk" style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: -0.125em; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; padding: 0px !important;" title="Template talk:History of the Low Countries" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_the_Low_Countries"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;" title="Discuss this template">t</span></a></li> <li class="nv-edit" style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: -0.125em; margin: 0px;"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: #3366bb; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms+9aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab/ikegorxxhqb+ua9bfcm0lazuh+yiead+caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii=); background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; padding-top: 0px !important; padding-right: 13px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0px !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:History_of_the_Low_Countries&action=edit"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;" title="Edit this template">e</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffe8e8; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: initial; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" colspan="4"><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Frankish Kingdom" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankish_Kingdom">Frankish Kingdom</a><br><small>(5th to 10th century)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffb3b3; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Frisian Kingdom" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frisian_Kingdom">Frisian Kingdom</a><br><small>(600–734)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffe8e8; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: initial; border-top-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" colspan="5"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Carolingian Empire" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolingian_Empire">Carolingian Empire</a> after 800</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f2cee6; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"> </td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffff99; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-color: initial; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: initial; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0.25em; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="West Francia" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Francia">West Francia</a>("France")</td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f2cee6; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;" colspan="3">Independent Kingdom of <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Middle Francia" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Francia">Middle Francia</a> (Lotharingia)<br><small>(843–870)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffff99; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-color: initial; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" colspan="5">Flanders and Lotharingia in Kingdom of West Francia <small>(870–880)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ff8c87; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"> </td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffff99; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-color: initial; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0.25em; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" rowspan="2"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_Flanders.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Arms_of_Flanders.svg/20px-Arms_of_Flanders.svg.png" alt="Arms of Flanders.svg" width="20" height="25"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="County of Flanders" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_of_Flanders">County of Flanders</a><br><small>(862–1384)</small><br>and <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Timeline of Burgundian and Habsburg acquisitions in the Low Countries" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Burgundian_and_Habsburg_acquisitions_in_the_Low_Countries">other principalities</a><br><small>(10th–14th centuries)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ff8c87; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;" colspan="3">Kingdom then Duchy of Lotharingia in East Francia ("Germany")<br><small>(880–1190)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #c5fcdc; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted; padding: 0.25em;" rowspan="5"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Armoiries_Principaut%C3%A9_de_Li%C3%A8ge.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Armoiries_Principaut%C3%A9_de_Li%C3%A8ge.svg/20px-Armoiries_Principaut%C3%A9_de_Li%C3%A8ge.svg.png" alt="Armoiries Principauté de Liège.svg" width="20" height="22"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Prince-Bishopric of Liège" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge">Prince-Bishopric<br>of Liège</a><br><small>(980–1794)</small><br><br><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gules_a_fess_argent.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Gules_a_fess_argent.svg/20px-Gules_a_fess_argent.svg.png" alt="Gules a fess argent.svg" width="20" height="22"></a><br><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Duchy of Bouillon" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Bouillon">Duchy of Bouillon</a><br><small>(988–1795)</small><br><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Holy Roman Empire" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Emperor_Frederick_III_Arms.svg/20px-Emperor_Frederick_III_Arms.svg.png" alt="Emperor Frederick III Arms.svg" width="20" height="24"></a> <br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Principality of Stavelot-Malmedy" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principality_of_Stavelot-Malmedy">Imperial Abbey of Stavelot-Malmedy</a><br><small>(1138–1795)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffffdd; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; padding: 0.25em;"><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Duchy of Brabant" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Brabant">Duchy of Brabant</a><br><small>(1183–1430)</small><br>and <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Timeline of Burgundian and Habsburg acquisitions in the Low Countries" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Burgundian_and_Habsburg_acquisitions_in_the_Low_Countries">other principalities</a><br><small>(10th–15th centuries)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f0f0f0; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Counts_of_Luxembourg.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Arms_of_the_Counts_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Arms_of_the_Counts_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" alt="Arms of the Counts of Luxembourg.svg" width="20" height="25"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="County, Duchy and Grand Duchy of Luxembourg" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County,_Duchy_and_Grand_Duchy_of_Luxembourg#County_.28963.E2.80.931353.29">County/<br>Duchy of<br>Luxembourg</a><br><small>(963–1443)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffffdd; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Counts_of_Holland_Arms.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Counts_of_Holland_Arms.svg/20px-Counts_of_Holland_Arms.svg.png" alt="Counts of Holland Arms.svg" width="20" height="22"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="County of Holland" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_of_Holland">County of Holland</a><br><small>(880–1432)</small><br>and <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Timeline of Burgundian and Habsburg acquisitions in the Low Countries" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Burgundian_and_Habsburg_acquisitions_in_the_Low_Countries">other principalities</a><br><small>(10th–15th centuries)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ddddff; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0px; vertical-align: middle; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" colspan="4"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Duke_of_Burgundy_(1364-1404).svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Duke_of_Burgundy_%281364-1404%29.svg/20px-Arms_of_the_Duke_of_Burgundy_%281364-1404%29.svg.png" alt="Arms of the Duke of Burgundy (1364-1404).svg" width="20" height="24"></a> <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Burgundian Netherlands" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgundian_Netherlands">Burgundian Netherlands</a> <small>(1384–1477)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ddddff; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" colspan="4"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Habsburg Netherlands" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsburg_Netherlands">Habsburg Netherlands</a> (<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Seventeen Provinces" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seventeen_Provinces">Seventeen Provinces</a>)<br><small>(1482–1556)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ddddff; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" colspan="3"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Southern Netherlands" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Netherlands">Spanish Netherlands<br>(Southern Netherlands)</a><br><small>(1556–1714)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffdead; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;" rowspan="4"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prinsenvlag.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Prinsenvlag.svg/20px-Prinsenvlag.svg.png" alt="Prinsenvlag.svg" width="20" height="13"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Dutch Republic" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Republic">Dutch Republic</a><br><small>(1581–1795)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ddddff; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: none;" colspan="3"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Armoiries_Philippe_Ier_de_Habsbourg.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Armoiries_Philippe_Ier_de_Habsbourg.svg/20px-Armoiries_Philippe_Ier_de_Habsbourg.svg.png" alt="Armoiries Philippe Ier de Habsbourg.svg" width="20" height="22"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Southern Netherlands" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Netherlands#Austrian_Netherlands">Austrian Netherlands<br>(Southern Netherlands)</a><br><small>(1714–1795)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffff99; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LuikVlag.svg"><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/LuikVlag.svg/20px-LuikVlag.svg.png" alt="LuikVlag.svg" width="20" height="13"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Liège Revolution" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_Revolution">Liège Revolution</a><br><small>(1789–1792)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffff99; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;" colspan="2"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Brabantine_Revolution.svg"><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Brabantine_Revolution.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Brabantine_Revolution.svg.png" alt="Flag of the Brabantine Revolution.svg" width="20" height="13"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="United States of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_of_Belgium">United States<br>of Belgium</a><br><small>(1790)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ddddff; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: #ddddff; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: #ddddff; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #c5fcdc; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted; padding: 0.25em;"> </td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ddddff; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: none;" colspan="3"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffdddd; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 1px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: dotted;" rowspan="2" colspan="4"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg"><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" alt="Flag of France.svg" width="20" height="13"></a><br>Part of the<br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="French First Republic" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_First_Republic">French Republic</a><br><small>(1795–1804)</small><br>and the<br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="First French Empire" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_French_Empire">French Empire</a><br><small>(1804–1815)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffb3b3; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0.25em; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Batavian_Republic.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Batavian_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Batavian_Republic.svg.png" alt="Flag of the Batavian Republic.svg" width="20" height="13"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Batavian Republic" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batavian_Republic">Batavian Republic</a><br><small>(1795–1806)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffb3b3; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0.25em; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" alt="Flag of the Netherlands.svg" width="20" height="13"></a><br><span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Kingdom of Holland" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Holland">Kingdom<br>of Holland</a></span><br><small>(1806–1810)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffdddd; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 1px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: dotted;" colspan="5"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffdead; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" colspan="5"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg"><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" alt="Flag of the Netherlands.svg" width="20" height="13"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="United Kingdom of the Netherlands" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands">United Kingdom of<br>the Netherlands</a><br><small>(1815–1830)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffff99; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;" rowspan="2" colspan="3"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium.svg"><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" alt="Flag of Belgium.svg" width="20" height="17"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="History of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Belgium#Independence">Kingdom of Belgium</a><br><small>(since 1830)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffdead; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg"><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" alt="Flag of Luxembourg.svg" width="20" height="12"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="History of Luxembourg" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Luxembourg#Developing_independence_.281815.E2.80.931890.29">Gr Duchy Luxembourg</a><br><small>(personal union)</small></td> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffdead; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" rowspan="2"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" alt="Flag of the Netherlands.svg" width="20" height="13"></a><br><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands">Kingdom of<br>the Netherlands</a><br><small>(since 1830)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f0f0f0; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.75em; padding-right: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-left: 0.25em; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg"><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" alt="Flag of Luxembourg.svg" width="20" height="12"></a><br>Gr Duchy Luxembourg<br><small>(since 1890)</small></td> </tr> </tbody> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">The <strong>Duchy of Lower Lorraine</strong> or <strong>Lower Lotharingia</strong> (also referred to sometimes as <em>Lothier</em> or <em>Lottier</em><sup style="line-height: 1em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></sup> in titles), established in 959 was a stem duchy of the medieval German kingdom, which encompassed part of modern-day Belgium, the Netherlands, the northern part of the GermanRhineland and a part of northern France east of the Schelde river.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">It was created out of the former Middle Frankish realm of Lotharingia under King Lothair II, that had been established in 855. Lotharingia was divided for much of the later ninth century, reunited under Louis the Younger by the 880 Treaty of Ribemont and upon the death of East Frankishking Louis the Child in 911 it joined West Francia under King Charles the Simple. It then formed a duchy in its own right, and about 925 DukeGilbert declared homage to the German king Henry the Fowler, an act which King Rudolph of France was helpless to revert. From that time on Lotharingia (or Lorraine) remained a German stem duchy, the border with France did not change throughout the Middle Ages.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">In 959 King Henry's son Duke Bruno the Great divided Lotharingia into two duchies: Lower and Upper Lorraine (or Lower and Upper Lotharingia) and granted Count Godfrey I of Mons (Hainaut) the title of a Duke of Lower Lorraine. Godfrey's lands were to the north (lower down the Rhine river system), while Upper Lorraine was to the south (further up the river system). Both duchies formed the western part of the Holy Roman Empireestablished by Bruno's elder brother Emperor Otto I in 962.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Both Lotharingian duchies took very separate paths thereafter: Upon the death of Godfrey's son Duke Richar, Lower Lorraine was directly ruled by the Emperor, until in 977 Otto II enfeoffed Charles, the exiled younger brother of King Lothair of France. Lower and Upper Lorraine were once again briefly reunited under Gothelo I from 1033 to 1044. After that, the Lower duchy was quickly marginalised, while Upper Lorraine came to be known as simply the Duchy of Lorraine.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Over the next decades the significance of the Duchy of Lower Lorraine diminished and furthermore was affected by the conflict between EmperorHenry IV and his son Henry V: In 1100 Henry IV had enfeoffed Count Henry of Limburg, who Henry V, having enforced the abdication of his father, immediately deposed and replaced by Count Godfrey of Louvain. Upon the death of Duke Godfrey III in 1190, his son Duke Henry I of Brabantinherited the ducal title by order of Emperor Henry VI at the Diet of Schwäbisch Hall. Thereby the Duchy of Lower Lorraine finally lost its territorial authority, while the remnant Imperial fief held by the Dukes of Brabant was later called the Duchy of Lothier (or Lothryk).</p> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Successor states" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lower_Lorraine&action=edit&section=1">edit</a>]</span><span id="Successor_states" class="mw-headline">Successor states</span> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">After the territorial power of the duchy was shattered, many fiefdoms came to independence in its area. The most important ones of these were:</p> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Archbishopric of Cologne</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Bishopric of Liège</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Bishopric of Utrecht</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Bishopric of Cambrai</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Duchy of Limburg</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Guelders (includes also the shire Teisterbant)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Margravate of Ename, later called Imperial Flanders or the County of Aalst</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Jülich</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Namur</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Cleves</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Hainault, including the Margravate of Valenciennes and the County of Bergen</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Holland</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Berg</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Loon</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Horne</li> </ul> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">The following successor states remained under the authority of the titular dukes of Lower Lorraine (Lothier):</p> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Margraviate of Antwerp</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">County of Leuven and Brussels</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Duchy of Brabant</li> </ul> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: See also" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lower_Lorraine&action=edit&section=2">edit</a>]</span><span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">List of rulers of Lorraine</li> </ul> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: References" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lower_Lorraine&action=edit&section=3">edit</a>]</span><span id="References" class="mw-headline">References</span> <div style="font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 3.2em; list-style-image: none; font-size: 12px; list-style-type: inherit; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><strong>^</strong></span> <span>"Treaty of Joinville". <span style="font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold; color: #555555;">(French)</span> In Davenport, Frances G. <em>European Treaties Bearing on the History of the United States and Its Dependencies</em>. 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<p> </p> <div style="margin-: -5em; margin-: 11em; height: 5em; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaeaaaabcaiaaacqd1peaaaadeleqvqihwnyfv0naasganhgopmuaaaaaelftksuqmcc); -webkit-transition-property: margin-; -webkit-transition-duration: 250ms; -webkit-transition-timing-function: initial; -webkit-transition-delay: initial; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-: 0% 100%; background-repeat: repeat no-repeat;"> </div> <div style="margin-: 11em; padding-: 1.25em; padding-right: 1.5em; padding-bottom: 1.5em; padding-: 1.5em; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaeaaaabcaiaaacqd1peaaaadeleqvqihwnyfv0naasganhgopmuaaaaaelftksuqmcc); background-color: white; color: black; direction: ltr; line-height: 1.5em; -webkit-transition-property: margin-, padding; -webkit-transition-duration: 250ms, 250ms; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat repeat;"> <div style=": relative; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: 0px;"> </div> <span dir="auto">Leuven</span> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; : relative; width: 1176px; line-height: 1.5em;"> <div style="display: inline; font-size: 12px;">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> <div style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.2em; margin-: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-: 1em; color: #7d7d7d; width: auto;"> </div> <div style="overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; height: 0px; zoom: 1; margin-: -1.4em; margin-bottom: 1.4em;"> </div> <div style="direction: ltr;"> <tbody> <tr><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.4em; padding-left: 0.6em; width: 252px; text-align: center; font-size: 1.25em; white-space: nowrap;" colspan="2"><span class="fn org">Leuven</span></th></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; text-align: center; background-color: #cddeff;" colspan="2">— <strong><span class="category"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Municipalities of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipalities_of_Belgium">Municipality</a> of <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgium">Belgium</a></span></strong> —</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.7em; padding-right: 0.8em; padding-bottom: 0.7em; padding-left: 0.8em; text-align: center;" colspan="2"> <div class="floatnone"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Leuven Town Hall." href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Leuven.jpg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Leuven.jpg/250px-Leuven.jpg" alt="" width="250" height="188"></a></div> <small>Leuven Town Hall.</small></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td class="maptable" style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.4em; padding-left: 0px; text-align: center;" colspan="2"> <table style="font-size: 12px; width: 268px; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px; padding: 0px;" align="center"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Flag of Leuven" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Leuven.svg"><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_Leuven.svg/120px-Flag_of_Leuven.svg.png" alt="" width="120" height="80"></a><br><small><strong>Flag</strong></small></td> <td style="vertical-align: middle; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px; padding: 0px;" align="center"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Coat of arms of Leuven" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wapen_van_Leuven.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Wapen_van_Leuven.svg/73px-Wapen_van_Leuven.svg.png" alt="" width="73" height="100"></a><br><small><strong>Coat of arms</strong></small></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; text-align: center; border-width: 0px;" colspan="2" align="center"><center> <div style="width: 250px; float: none; clear: none;"> <div style="width: 250px; padding: 0px;"> <div style="position: relative;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Leuven is located in Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Belgium_location_map.svg"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Belgium_location_map.svg/250px-Belgium_location_map.svg.png" alt="Leuven is located in Belgium" width="250" height="217"></a> <div style="position: absolute; z-index: 2; top: 35.29999923706055%; left: 53.20000076293945%; height: 0px; width: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> <div style="position: relative; text-align: center; left: -3px; top: -3px; width: 6px; font-size: 6px; line-height: 0;" title=""><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" alt="" width="6" height="6"></div> <div style="font-size: 10px; line-height: 11px; z-index: 90; position: relative; top: -1.5em; width: 6em; left: 0.5em; text-align: left;"><span style="padding: 1px;">Leuven</span></div> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: 10px; padding-top: 3px;"> </div> </div> </div> <small>Location in Belgium</small></center></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 0px; border-top-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.7em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #aaaaaa; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Coordinates: <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><img class="wmamapbutton noprint" style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 3px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; cursor: pointer; border-style: none;" title="Show location on an interactive map" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/WMA_button2b.png/17px-WMA_button2b.png" alt=""><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: #3366bb; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms+9aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab/ikegorxxhqb+ua9bfcm0lazuh+yiead+caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii=); background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; padding-top: 0px !important; padding-right: 13px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0px !important; white-space: nowrap; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;" href="http://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Leuven&params=50_53_N_04_42_E_type:city(96942)_region:BE" rel="nofollow"><span class="geo-default" style="display: inline;"><span class="geo-dms" style="display: inline;" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude" style="white-space: nowrap;">50°53′N</span> <span class="longitude" style="white-space: nowrap;">04°42′E</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;">Country</th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;">Belgium</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium">Region</a></th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Flemish Region" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flemish_Region">Flemish Region</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium">Community</a></th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Flemish Community" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flemish_Community">Flemish Community</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Provinces of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium">Province</a></th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Flemish Brabant" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flemish_Brabant">Flemish Brabant</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Arrondissements of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissements_of_Belgium#Administrative">Arrondissement</a></th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Leuven Arrondissement" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven_Arrondissement">Leuven</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;" colspan="2"><strong>Government</strong></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"> • Mayor</th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Louis Tobback" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Tobback">Louis Tobback</a> (<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Socialistische Partij Anders" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialistische_Partij_Anders">SP.A</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"> • Governing party/ies</th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Socialistische Partij Anders" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialistische_Partij_Anders">SP.A</a>, <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christen-Democratisch_en_Vlaams">CD&V</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;" colspan="2"><strong>Area</strong></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"> • Total</th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;">56.63 km<sup style="line-height: 1em;">2</sup>(21.86 sq mi)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;" colspan="2"><strong>Population</strong> (1 January 2011)<sup id="cite_ref-pop-town_1-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#cite_note-pop-town-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"> • Total</th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;">96,942</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"> <strong>• Density</strong></td> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;">1,700/km<sup style="line-height: 1em;">2</sup>(4,400/sq mi)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;" colspan="2"><strong>Demographics</strong></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"> • Foreigners</th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;">9.43% (7 January 2005)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="List of postal codes in Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_postal_codes_in_Belgium">Postal codes</a></th> <td class="adr" style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;"><span class="postal-code">3000, 3001, 3010, 3012, 3018</span></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Telephone numbers in Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Belgium">Area codes</a></th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-width: 0px;">016</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"><th style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;">Website</th> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em;"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: #3366bb; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms+9aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab/ikegorxxhqb+ua9bfcm0lazuh+yiead+caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii=); background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;" href="http://www.leuven.be/" rel="nofollow">www.leuven.be</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #aaaaaa; padding-top: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.6em; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.6em; text-align: left; font-size: smaller;" colspan="2"> <div id="NavFrame1" class="NavFrame collapsed" style="text-align: center; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 9px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #aaaaaa; border-style: none; padding: 4px; margin: 0px;"> <div class="NavHead" style="height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color: transparent; position: relative; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-align: left; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Map of Leuven<a id="NavToggle1" class="NavToggle" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; position: absolute; top: 0px; right: 3px; font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"></a>[show]</div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;"><strong>Leuven</strong> (Dutch, pronounced <span>[ˈløːvə(n)]</span><small style="white-space: nowrap;"> (<img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none; margin: 0px;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/13px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" alt="" width="13" height="13"> listen)</small>; French: <span><em>Louvain</em></span>, pronounced <span>[luvɛ̃]</span>, often used in English; German: <span><em>Löwen</em></span>) is the capital of the province of Flemish Brabant in the Flemish Region, Belgium. It is located about 25 kilometres east of Brussels, close to other neighbouring towns such asMechelen, Aarschot, Tienen, and Wavre. The township itself comprises the historical city of Leuven and the former municipalities of Heverlee, Kessel-Lo, a part of Korbeek-Lo, Wilsele and Wijgmaal.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">It is home to Anheuser-Busch InBev, the world's largest brewer group and one of the top-five largest consumer-goods companies in the world; and to theKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, the largest and oldest university of the Low Countries and the oldest Catholic university still in existence. The Higher Institute of Philosophy is famous worldwide for the archives of the German philosopher Edmund Husserl.</p> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div id="toctitle" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"> <h2 style="color: black; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; font-weight: bold; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.6em; margin-left: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; font-size: 12px; display: inline; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: none; padding: 0px;">Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle" style="-webkit-user-select: none; font-size: 11px;"> [<a id="togglelink" class="internal" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven">hide</a>] </span></div> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: none; margin-top: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.3em; margin-left: 0px; list-style-image: none; text-align: left; padding: 0px;"> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Economy"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Economy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Population"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Population</span></a> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: none; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 2em; list-style-image: none; text-align: left; padding: 0px;"> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Student_population"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Student population</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Transportation"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Transportation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Politics"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Politics</span></a> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: none; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 2em; list-style-image: none; text-align: left; padding: 0px;"> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Mayor"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Mayor</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Culture"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Culture</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Buildings_and_landmarks"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Buildings and landmarks</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Gallery"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Gallery</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Notable_people_from_Leuven"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Notable people from Leuven</span></a> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: none; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 2em; list-style-image: none; text-align: left; padding: 0px;"> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Born_in_Leuven"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">Born in Leuven</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Lived_in_Leuven"><span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">Lived in Leuven</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Sister_cities"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Sister cities</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#References"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: History" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=1">edit</a>]</span><span id="History" class="mw-headline">History</span> <div style="float: ; clear: ; margin-bottom: 1.3em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; margin-: 0.5em; margin-right: 1.4em; margin-: 0px;"> <div style="min-width: 100px; background-color: #f9f9f9; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; width: 222px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; padding: 3px !important;"><img class="thumbimage" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Leuven%2C_Belgium_%3B_Ferraris_Map.jpg/220px-Leuven%2C_Belgium_%3B_Ferraris_Map.jpg" alt="" width="220" height="190"> <div style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; line-height: 1.4em; font-size: 11px; text-align: ; border-style: none; padding: 3px !important;"> <div style="border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; float: right; background-: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-style: none !important;"><img style="border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; vertical-align: middle; display: block; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-style: none !important;" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.21wmf7/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11"></div> Leuven on the Ferraris map (around 1775)</div> </div> </div> <div style="float: ; clear: ; margin-bottom: 1.3em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; margin-: 0.5em; margin-right: 1.4em; margin-: 0px;"> <div style="min-width: 100px; background-color: #f9f9f9; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; width: 222px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; padding: 3px !important;"><img class="thumbimage" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Leuven%2C_Belgium_%28ca._1890-1900%29.jpg/220px-Leuven%2C_Belgium_%28ca._1890-1900%29.jpg" alt="" width="220" height="160"> <div style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; line-height: 1.4em; font-size: 11px; text-align: ; border-style: none; padding: 3px !important;"> <div style="border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; float: right; background-: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-style: none !important;"><img style="border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; vertical-align: middle; display: block; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-style: none !important;" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.21wmf7/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11"></div> View over Leuven, late 19th century.</div> </div> </div> <div style="float: ; clear: ; margin-bottom: 1.3em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; margin-: 0.5em; margin-right: 1.4em; margin-: 0px;"> <div style="min-width: 100px; background-color: #f9f9f9; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; width: 222px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; padding: 3px !important;"><img class="thumbimage" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Louvain_Library_WWI.jpg/220px-Louvain_Library_WWI.jpg" alt="" width="220" height="130"> <div style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; line-height: 1.4em; font-size: 11px; text-align: ; border-style: none; padding: 3px !important;"> <div style="border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; float: right; background-: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-style: none !important;"><img style="border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; vertical-align: middle; display: block; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-style: none !important;" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.21wmf7/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11"></div> Destruction of the university library, 1914.</div> </div> </div> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">The earliest mention of Leuven ("Loven") is from 891, when a Viking army was defeated by the Frankish kingArnulf of Carinthia (see: Battle of Leuven). According to city legend, its red-white-red colours depict the blood-stained shores of the river Dijle after this battle.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Situated beside this river, and near to the stronghold of the Dukes of Brabant, Leuven became, between the 11th and 14th centuries, the most important centre of trade in the duchy. A token of its former importance as a centre of cloth manufacture is reflected in the typical Leuven linen cloth, known in late-14th-century and 15th-century texts as <em>lewyn</em> (other spellings: <em>Leuwyn</em>, <em>Levyne</em>, <em>Lewan(e)</em>, <em>Lovanium</em>, <em>Louvain</em>).<sup style="line-height: 1em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></sup></p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">In the 15th century, a new golden era began with the founding of the by-now largest and oldest university in theLow Countries, the Catholic University of Leuven, in 1425.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">In the 18th century, Leuven became even more important as a result of the flourishing of its brewery, now named AB InBev, whose flagship beer, Stella Artois, is brewed in Leuven and sold in many countries throughout the world.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">In the 20th century, both world wars inflicted major damage upon the city. Upon Germany's entry into World War I, the town was heavily damaged by rampaging soldiers. Some German soldiers shot the burgomaster, the university rector and all of the city's police officers.<sup style="line-height: 1em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></sup> The university library was also destroyed on 25 August 1914, using petrol and incendiary pastilles. Hundreds of thousands of irreplaceable volumes and Gothic and Renaissance manuscripts were lost.<sup style="line-height: 1em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></sup><sup style="line-height: 1em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></sup> It was rebuilt after the war, and much of the collection was replaced.</p> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Economy" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=2">edit</a>]</span><span id="Economy" class="mw-headline">Economy</span> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Given the presence of the KULeuven, an important European institution for academic research and education, much of the local economy is concentrated on spin-offs from academic research. There are several biotech and ICT companies; Gasthuisberg (nl), the academic hospital and research centre and a large number of private service providers in the medical and legal fields.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Because it is the capital of the region of Flemish-Brabant, many governmental institutions are located in Leuven, as well as the regional headquarters of transport corporations such as De Lijn. As the largest and one of the oldest Flemish cities in the immediate vicinity, with a large range of cafés, restaurants, cultural institutions and shopping neighbourhoods, Leuven also attracts people from nearby cities and villages.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Leuven is the worldwide headquarters of Anheuser-Busch InBev, the largest beer company in the world. InBev's Stella Artois brewery and main offices dominate the entire north-eastern part of the town, between the railway station and the canal to Mechelen.</p> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Population" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=3">edit</a>]</span><span id="Population" class="mw-headline">Population</span> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-image" style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; padding-top: 2px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 0.5em; text-align: center; border-style: none;"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" alt="Wiki letter w.svg" width="23" height="23"></td> <td class="mbox-text" style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.25em; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; padding-left: 0.5em; width: 189px; border-style: none;"><span class="mbox-text-span"><strong>This section is empty.</strong> <small>You can help by<a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: #3366bb; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms+9aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab/ikegorxxhqb+ua9bfcm0lazuh+yiead+caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii=); background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; padding-top: 0px !important; padding-right: 13px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0px !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>.</small> <small><em>(November 2012)</em></small></span></td> </tr> </tbody> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Student population" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=4">edit</a>]</span><span id="Student_population" class="mw-headline">Student population</span> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Nowadays Leuven is a real "student city", as during the academic year most citizens in its centre are students.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Leuven sports one of the liveliest bar scenes in Belgium. It boasts the "longest bar" in Europe, the Old Market, and dozens of bars and cafés crammed into a central square in Leuven.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">The Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven; University of Leuven) is the oldest Catholic university still in existence in the world, and the largest university in Belgium.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">There are also a number of <em>hogescholen</em> (Vocational university, literally translated: "high schools"), such as the Katholieke Hogeschool Leuven (nl) (KHLeuven, the Catholic <em>High School</em> Leuven), and the university college Groep T (Group T).</p> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Transportation" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=5">edit</a>]</span><span id="Transportation" class="mw-headline">Transportation</span> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Within the city and its immediate surroundings most distances can be covered on foot or with a bicycle. Nevertheless, there are numerous buses, primarily from the public transportation company De Lijn, that connect the city with the region while providing travel options within the city center. The so-called Ringbus follows the ring road of the city. Except for long distance routes (such as to other cities) and other irregular bus services, most buses come by every 10 minutes. Buses 616, 652 and 651 connect Leuven with Brussels Airport.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">There are also a few car parking lots. Several streets are off-limits to vehicle traffic and within the ring road speed regulations prescribe 30 km/h (19 mph) as the maximum speed limit.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">The train station of Leuven is located on the railways 35 (Leuven - Aarschot - Hasselt), 36 (Brussels - Liège), 36N (Schaarbeek - Leuven), 53 (Schellebelle - Leuven), and 139 (Leuven - Ottignies). InBierbeek, south-west of Leuven, lies the beginning of HSL 2, the high-speed railway towards Liège.</p> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Politics" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=6">edit</a>]</span><span id="Politics" class="mw-headline">Politics</span> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Mayor" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=7">edit</a>]</span><span id="Mayor" class="mw-headline">Mayor</span> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">The current mayor of Leuven is Louis Tobback, a socialist prominent on the national level, formerly minister of internal affairs and leader of the socialist faction in the lower chamber of the Belgianparliament, among other positions held. The governing coalition consists of SP.A (16 out of 45 seats in the municipal council) and CD&V (9 seats). The opposition is composed of N-VA (9 seats), Groen!(7 seats), open VLD (3 seats) and Vlaams Belang (1 seat).</p> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Culture" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=8">edit</a>]</span><span id="Culture" class="mw-headline">Culture</span> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">One of Belgium's finest conservatories is based in Leuven: the Lemmens Institute, which is described as "Faculty of Music, Performing Arts and Education". It is known for its Music Therapy Education and its Wordart-Drama Education.</p> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Leuven is well known for its summer rock festival, Marktrock. The main football club of the municipality is Oud-Heverlee Leuven, successor of K. Stade Leuven. Leuven also has some orchestras, such as the famous Arenberg Orchestra (nl).<sup style="line-height: 1em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></sup></p> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Buildings and landmarks" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=9">edit</a>]</span><span id="Buildings_and_landmarks" class="mw-headline">Buildings and landmarks</span> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The Town Hall, built by Sulpitius van Vorst (nl), Jan II Keldermans, and, after both of them died, Matheus de Layens between 1439 and 1463 in a Brabantian late-Gothic style. The reception hall dates from 1750.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The St. Peter's Church (1425–1500) was finished by Jan Keldermans and Matheus de Layens. During the Second World War the church was damaged; during the restoration a Romanesque crypt from the 11th century was found. In the church itself there are several paintings from the 17th and 18th centuries (amongst others, Dirk Bouts's famous painting of the last supper) and the grave of DukeHenry I of Brabant. The 50-metre-high tower — which was meant to be 169 metres high, but was never completed — is home to a carillon. The tower was included in UNESCO's list of Belfries of Belgium and France in 1999.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Saint-Anthony's Chapel, Pater Damiaanplein, from the 17th to the 20th centuries, contains the tomb of Father Damien, the "leper priest" of Molokai, beatified by Pope John Paul II. The Catholicpriest's remains were returned in Belgium with great fanfare in 1936, after having been originally buried on the Hawaiian Island of Molokai where he had served the outcast lepers until his death.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The Linen-hall, in an early-Gothic style, with baroque addition, is today the University Hall.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The Church of Saint Michael was built in the typical Jesuit Baroque Style.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The Church of Saint Quinten incorporates remains of a Romanesque church built in the 13th century.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The University Library on the Ladeuzeplein was built by the American architect Whitney Warren. It was a gift from the American people to Leuven after World War I, during which the Germans burned down the original library, causing much outrage in the US. The tower houses one of the largest carillons in the world.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><em>Totem</em> is a statue at the centre of the Ladeuzeplein; it is a work of the Belgian artist Jan Fabre. Featuring a 23-metre-high needle impaling a giant jewelled beetle, the statue towers over the square in front of the university library.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">There is a neo-Romanesque Abbey on the Keizersberg ("Emperor's Mountain"), where there once stood a 12th-century ducal castle, which was demolished in the 17th Century.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The Large Beguinage is one of the world's best remaining examples of its architectural type. It was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1998.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">There are several other smaller churches and chapels throughout the town.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">"<em>Fonske</em>" is a statue near the centre of town. Its full name is <em>Fons Sapientiae</em>, Latin for "fountain of wisdom". The statue represents a university student who, while reading a book, lets wisdom flow into his head as liquid from a glass. Just like Manneken Pis in Brussels, Fonske is, from time to time, dressed in costumes appropriate for specific occasions.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Lerkeveld is a famous Jesuit abbey, and headquarters of the Jesuits in Belgium.</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The Irish College of Louvain/Leuven in located in the city, on Pater Damiaanplein. The Leuven Institute for Ireland in Europe is located on the premises.</li> </ul> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Gallery" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=10">edit</a>]</span><span id="Gallery" class="mw-headline">Gallery</span> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaauaaaanaqmaaabb8jblaaaablbmvex///8auow5qsojaaaaaxrstlmaqobyzgaaabnjrefucb1jyeabbqw/wlcagqeagpidyt0ivcsaaaaasuvork5cyii=); zoom: 1; display: block; padding: 2px; margin: 2px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; vertical-align: ; display: inline-block; zoom: 1; width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 150px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: center; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; margin: 2px;"> <div style="margin-: 15px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-: auto;"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffffff; display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Leuven_Stadhuis.jpg/68px-Leuven_Stadhuis.jpg" alt="" width="68" height="120"></div> </div> <div style="overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; font-size: 12px; padding-: 2px; padding-right: 4px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-: 4px; word-wrap: break-word;"> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Leuven, the town hall</p> </div> </div> </li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; vertical-align: ; display: inline-block; zoom: 1; width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 150px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: center; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; margin: 2px;"> <div style="margin-: 30px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-: auto;"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffffff; display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Leuven%2C_Oude_Markt_foto4_2007-08-27_12.26.JPG/120px-Leuven%2C_Oude_Markt_foto4_2007-08-27_12.26.JPG" alt="" width="120" height="90"></div> </div> <div style="overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; font-size: 12px; padding-: 2px; padding-right: 4px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-: 4px; word-wrap: break-word;"> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Leuven, view to a street: de Oude Markt</p> </div> </div> </li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; vertical-align: ; display: inline-block; zoom: 1; width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 150px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: center; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; margin: 2px;"> <div style="margin-: 30px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-: auto;"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffffff; display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universitieisbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg/120px-2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universitieisbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg" alt="" width="120" height="90"></div> </div> <div style="overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; font-size: 12px; padding-: 2px; padding-right: 4px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-: 4px; word-wrap: break-word;"> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Leuven, the university library</p> </div> </div> </li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; vertical-align: ; display: inline-block; zoom: 1; width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 150px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: center; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; margin: 2px;"> <div style="margin-: 15px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-: auto;"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffffff; display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/FonskeLeuven.jpg/90px-FonskeLeuven.jpg" alt="" width="90" height="120"></div> </div> <div style="overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; font-size: 12px; padding-: 2px; padding-right: 4px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-: 4px; word-wrap: break-word;"> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Leuven, Fonske</p> </div> </div> </li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; vertical-align: ; display: inline-block; zoom: 1; width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 155px;"> <div style="width: 150px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: center; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; margin: 2px;"> <div style="margin-: 15px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-: auto;"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffffff; display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/JacquemartCollegialeSaintPierreLouvain.JPG/90px-JacquemartCollegialeSaintPierreLouvain.JPG" alt="" width="90" height="120"></div> </div> <div style="overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; font-size: 12px; padding-: 2px; padding-right: 4px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-: 4px; word-wrap: break-word;"> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Jacquemart at theCollegiate church in Leuven</p> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Notable people from Leuven" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=11">edit</a>]</span><span id="Notable_people_from_Leuven" class="mw-headline">Notable people from Leuven</span> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Born in Leuven" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=12">edit</a>]</span><span id="Born_in_Leuven" class="mw-headline">Born in Leuven</span> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Most Dukes of Brabant in the 12th and 13th centuries</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Maria of Brabant, queen consort of France (1256–1321)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Martin Margiela, fashion designer (b. 1957)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Quentin Matsys, painter (1466–1530)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Petrus van der Aa, jurist (1530–1594)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Adriaan van Roomen, mathematician (1561–1615)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Charles de Bériot, violinist (1802–1870)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Eugène Prévinaire, (1805–1877), second governor of the National Bank of Belgium</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Laurent-Guillaume de Koninck, palaeontologist and chemist (1809–1887)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Jean Stas, analytical chemist (1813–1891)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Arthur De Greef, pianist and composer (1862–1940)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Christian de Duve, cytologist and biochemist, recipient of the 1974 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (b. 1917)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Hortense Clews World War II Resistance worker and concentration camp survivor (b.1926)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Arthur Berckmans, comics author (b. 1929)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Mark Eyskens, politician and former Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1933)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Louis Tobback, politician and mayor (b. 1938)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Emiel Puttemans, middle- and long-distance runner (b. 1947)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Chris Miseur, painter (b. 1953)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Daniël Theys, expressive artist and glassmaker (b. 1953)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Peter Van Lancker, boat designer (b. 1952)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Jaak Pijpen (nl), media personality (b. 1952)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Frank Vandenbroucke, politician (b. 1955)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Bruno Bosteels, philosopher, known for English translations of Alain Badiou (b. 1967)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Kim Gevaert, sprint athlete, Olympic silver medalist in 4×100 relay (b. 1978)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Jonathan Vandenbroeck, singer-songwriter, better known as Milow (b. 1981)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Dries Mertens, footballer (b. 1987)</li> </ul> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Lived in Leuven" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=13">edit</a>]</span><span id="Lived_in_Leuven" class="mw-headline">Lived in Leuven</span> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Jean Baptiste Abbeloos, orientalist and rector of the University of Leuven (1836–1906)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Adrian VI, pope and theologian (1459–1523)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Michel Baius, theologian (1513–1589)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Dirk Bouts, painter (c. 1410/20-1475)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Eustace Chapuys, Imperial ambassador to England (1489–1556)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Matheus de Layens, architect (d.1483)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Koenraad Elst</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Desiderius Erasmus, humanist and theologian (1466–1536)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Cornelius Jansen, father of Jansenism (1585–1638)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Jean-Baptiste Janssens, philosophy teacher, Superior General of the Society of Jesus (1889–1964)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Abdul Qadeer Khan, metallurgical engineer (b. 1935)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Georges Lemaître, astronomer (1894–1966)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Ron Lewis, basketball player (b. 1984)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Justus Lipsius, philologist and humanist (1547–1606)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Mícheál Ó Cléirigh, Irish chronicler (1590–1643)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Jan Van der Roost, composer (b. 1956)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Philip Verheyen, surgeon and rector of the University of Leuven (1648–1711)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Andreas Vesalius, anatomist, physician (1514–1564)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Gerardus Mercator, Flemish cartographer (1512–1594)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Johannes Basius, agent and advisor of William of Orange (1540-1596)</li> </ul> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Sister cities" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=14">edit</a>]</span><span id="Sister_cities" class="mw-headline">Sister cities</span> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Leuven is twinned with:</p> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" alt="Netherlands" width="22" height="15"></span> 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" alt="Poland" width="22" height="14"></span> Kraków, Poland</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" alt="Germany" width="22" height="13"></span> Lüdenscheid, Germany</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" alt="France" width="22" height="15"></span> Rennes, France</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" alt="Taiwan" width="22" height="15"></span> Tainan, Taiwan</li> </ul> <p style="margin-: 0.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em;">Besides these sister cities, Leuven has friendly relations with:</p> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" alt="South Africa" width="22" height="15"></span> Stellenbosch, South Africa</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><img class="thumbborder" style="border-width: 1px; border-color: #dddddd; vertical-align: middle; border-style: solid;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" alt="Romania" width="22" height="15"></span> Cristian, Romania</li> </ul> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: References" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=15">edit</a>]</span><span id="References" class="mw-headline">References</span> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">"Louvain", chapter from George Wharton Edwards 1911 book, Some Old Flemish Towns. (Wikisource)</li> </ul> <div style="font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-: 3.2em; list-style-image: none; font-size: 12px; list-style-type: inherit; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><strong>^</strong></span> <span>Population per municipality on 1 January 2011 (XLS; 322 KB)</span></li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><strong>^</strong></span> <span><span style="word-wrap: break-word;">"Blaeu Atlas (UCLA Library – YRL Reference and Instructional Services)". Library.ucla.edu. 2003-04-02<span>. Retrieved 2011-09-16</span>.</span></span></li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><strong>^</strong></span> <span>Michael S. Neiberg, <em>Fighting the Great War: A Global History</em>, Harvard University Press, 2005.</span></li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><strong>^</strong></span> <span><span style="word-wrap: break-word;">Kramer, Alan (2008). <em>Dynamic Of Destruction, Culture and mass killing in the first world war</em>. Penguin. ISBN 9781846140136.</span></span></li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><strong>^</strong></span> <span><span style="word-wrap: break-word;">Gibson, Craig (January 30, 2008). "The culture of destruction in the First World War". <em>Times Literary Supplement</em><span>. Retrieved 2008-02-18</span>.</span></span></li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span><strong>^</strong></span> <span>arenbergorkest.ulyssis.be <span style="font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold; color: #555555;">(Dutch)</span></span></li> </ol></div> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: Further reading" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=16">edit</a>]</span><span id="Further_reading" class="mw-headline">Further reading</span> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="word-wrap: break-word;">"Louvain", <em>Belgium and Holland: Handbook for Travellers</em> (6th ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1881</span></li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="word-wrap: break-word;">W. Pembroke Fetridge (1885), "Louvain", <em>Harper's hand-book for travellers in Europe and the east: being a guide through Great Britain and Ireland, France, Belgium, Holland, Germany, Austria, Italy, Egypt, Syria, Turkey, Greece, Switzerland, Tyrol, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Russia, Spain, and Portugal</em>, New York: Harper & Brothers</span></li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="word-wrap: break-word;">"Louvain", <em>Belgium and Holland, including the grand-duchy of Luxembourg</em> (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759</span></li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span style="word-wrap: break-word;">"Louvain", <em>The Encyclopaedia Britannica</em> (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1910, OCLC 14782424</span></li> </ul> <span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Edit section: External links" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=17">edit</a>]</span><span id="External_links" class="mw-headline">External links</span> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-image" style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; padding-top: 2px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 0.9em; text-align: center; border-style: none;"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" alt="" width="30" height="40"></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist" style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; padding-top: 0.25em; padding-right: 0.9em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; padding-left: 0.9em; width: 170px; border-style: none;">Wikimedia Commons has media related to: <em><strong><a class="extiw" style="text-decoration: none; color: #3366bb; background-image: none !important; background-attachment: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; padding: 0px !important;" title="commons:Category:Leuven" href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Leuven">Leuven</a></strong></em></td> </tr> </tbody> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Official Leuven website</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Wijgmaal website</li> </ul> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; margin-: 0.3em; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 1.6em; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; padding: 0px;"> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Oude Markt Leuven (Oude Markt Leuven website)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Drieduizend, Leuven Photoblog</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Leuven photo gallery</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Detailed map of Leuven (detailed map of Leuven by the KUL)</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Free map of Leuven (partial OpenStreetMap of Leuven)</li> </ul> <tbody> <tr> <td style="padding: 2px;"> <table id="collapsibleTable0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="font-size: 11px; width: 1168px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr><th class="navbox-title" style="padding-top: 0.25em; padding-right: 1em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; padding-left: 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: center; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ccccff; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" scope="col" colspan="3"><span class="collapseButton" style="float: right; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 0.5em; text-align: right; width: 6em;">[<a id="collapseButton0" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; 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white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Municipalities of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipalities_of_Belgium">Municipalities</a> in the <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Provinces of Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium">province</a> of <a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Flemish Brabant" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flemish_Brabant">Flemish Brabant</a>, <a style="text-decoration: none; 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background-clip: initial; background-color: #ddddff; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" scope="row"><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Arrondissement of Halle-Vilvoorde" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Halle-Vilvoorde">Halle-Vilvoorde</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="line-height: 1.8em; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; text-align: left; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; width: 962px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #fdfdfd; padding: 0px;"> <div style="padding-top: 0em; padding-right: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0em; padding-left: 0.25em;"> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; padding-top: 0.125em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.125em; padding-left: 0px; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; margin: 0px;"> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Affligem" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affligem">Affligem</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Asse" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asse">Asse</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Beersel" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beersel">Beersel</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Bever, Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bever,_Belgium">Bever</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Dilbeek" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilbeek">Dilbeek</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Drogenbos" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drogenbos">Drogenbos</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Galmaarden" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galmaarden">Galmaarden</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Gooik" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gooik">Gooik</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Grimbergen" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimbergen">Grimbergen</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Halle, Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halle,_Belgium">Halle</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Herne, Belgium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herne,_Belgium">Herne</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Hoeilaart" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoeilaart">Hoeilaart</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Kampenhout" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampenhout">Kampenhout</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Kapelle-op-den-Bos" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapelle-op-den-Bos">Kapelle-op-den-Bos</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Kraainem" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraainem">Kraainem</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Lennik" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lennik">Lennik</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Liedekerke" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liedekerke">Liedekerke</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Linkebeek" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkebeek">Linkebeek</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Londerzeel" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londerzeel">Londerzeel</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Machelen" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machelen">Machelen</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Meise" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meise">Meise</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Merchtem" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchtem">Merchtem</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Opwijk" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opwijk">Opwijk</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Overijse" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overijse">Overijse</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Pepingen" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepingen">Pepingen</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Roosdaal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roosdaal">Roosdaal</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Sint-Genesius-Rode" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sint-Genesius-Rode">Sint-Genesius-Rode</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Sint-Pieters-Leeuw" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sint-Pieters-Leeuw">Sint-Pieters-Leeuw</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Steenokkerzeel" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steenokkerzeel">Steenokkerzeel</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Ternat" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternat">Ternat</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Vilvoorde" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilvoorde">Vilvoorde</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Wemmel" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wemmel">Wemmel</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Wezembeek-Oppem" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wezembeek-Oppem">Wezembeek-Oppem</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Zaventem" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaventem">Zaventem</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Zemst" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemst">Zemst</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" style="width: 100px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 2px;" rowspan="3"> <div><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Belgievlbrabant.png"><img style="border-width: initial; border-color: initial; vertical-align: middle; border-style: none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Belgievlbrabant.png/100px-Belgievlbrabant.png" alt="Belgievlbrabant.png" width="100" height="84"></a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 2px;"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr><th class="navbox-group" style="padding-top: 0.25em; padding-right: 1em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; padding-left: 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ddddff; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" scope="row"><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Arrondissement of Leuven" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Leuven">Leuven</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="line-height: 1.8em; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f7f7f7; text-align: left; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; width: 962px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-color: #fdfdfd; padding: 0px;"> <div style="padding-top: 0em; padding-right: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0em; padding-left: 0.25em;"> <ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; padding-top: 0.125em; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.125em; padding-left: 0px; list-style-image: url(data:image/png; margin: 0px;"> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Aarschot" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarschot">Aarschot</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Begijnendijk" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begijnendijk">Begijnendijk</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Bekkevoort" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bekkevoort">Bekkevoort</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Bertem" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertem">Bertem</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Bierbeek" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bierbeek">Bierbeek</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Boortmeerbeek" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boortmeerbeek">Boortmeerbeek</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Boutersem" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boutersem">Boutersem</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Diest" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diest">Diest</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Geetbets" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geetbets">Geetbets</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Glabbeek" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glabbeek">Glabbeek</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Haacht" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haacht">Haacht</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Herent" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herent">Herent</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Hoegaarden" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoegaarden">Hoegaarden</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Holsbeek" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holsbeek">Holsbeek</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Huldenberg" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huldenberg">Huldenberg</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Keerbergen" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keerbergen">Keerbergen</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Kortenaken" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kortenaken">Kortenaken</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Kortenberg" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kortenberg">Kortenberg</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Landen" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landen">Landen</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><strong class="selflink" style="white-space: nowrap;">Leuven</strong></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Linter" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linter">Linter</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Lubbeek" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lubbeek">Lubbeek</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Oud-Heverlee" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oud-Heverlee">Oud-Heverlee</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Rotselaar" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotselaar">Rotselaar</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Scherpenheuvel-Zichem" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scherpenheuvel-Zichem">Scherpenheuvel-Zichem</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Tervuren" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tervuren">Tervuren</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Tielt-Winge" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tielt-Winge">Tielt-Winge</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Tienen" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tienen">Tienen</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Tremelo" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremelo">Tremelo</a></li> <li style="display: inline; white-space: nowrap; margin: 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #0645ad; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" title="Zoutleeuw" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoutleeuw">Zoutleeuw</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> </tr> </tbody> </div> <div style=": relative; display: inline-block; margin-: 1em; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <div style="background-color: #f5faff; padding-bottom: 1px; width: 700px !important; border-width: 1px; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; margin: 0px;"> <div style="padding-: 0.75em; padding-right: 1em; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-: 1em;"> <div style=": relative; display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden;"> Help improve this page <div style="float: right; : relative;">What's this?</div> </div> <div style="clear: both; display: block;"> <div style=": relative;"> </div> <div> <div style="color: #8b0000; margin-bottom: 5px;"> </div> <div style="margin-: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-: 0px; display: block;"> <p style="margin-: 0px; margin-right: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 0px; line-height: 1.5em; float: ; font-size: 1.2em;">Did you find what you were looking for?</p> <div> <div style="float: ; margin-: 0px; margin-right: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-: 0px;"><span style="display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; font-size: 0.9em; min-width: 34px; padding-: 0px; padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-: 8px; text-align: center; color: #333333; font-weight: bold; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaeaaaaxcamaaad9rnu9aaaaqlbmvew+vr7t7e3v7+/q6urr6+vl5exj4+pg4ode3t7o6ojy2nju1nts0tlpz8/nzc3kysrhx8fexmtdw8pawmdb29vg4+yniblgaaaakeleqvr4xgxahq2amaaasm4ft/9fjaigs4aiarrxtfhtdoft5faa7wcq6wdoklkzvqaaaabjru5erkjggg==); background-attachment: initial; 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background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; border---radius: 3px; border--right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom--radius: 3px; -webkit-box-shadow: #999999 -2px 2px 1px; box-shadow: #999999 -2px 2px 1px; background-: initial initial; background-repeat: repeat no-repeat;">No</span></div> <div style="display: block !important; height: 0px !important; overflow-x: hidden !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; clear: both !important; float: none !important; width: 676px; border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; border-style: none !important;"> </div> </div> <div style="display: block !important; height: 0px !important; overflow-x: hidden !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; clear: both !important; float: none !important; width: 676px; border-width: initial !important; border-color: initial !important; border-style: none !important;"> </div> </div> <div style="display: block !important; height: 0px !important; overflow-x: hidden !important; 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border--color: #aaaaaa; margin-: 0.125em; margin-right: 0px; margin-: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-: 0.5em; zoom: 1;">Municipalities of Flemish Brabant</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.125em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border--width: 1px; border--style: solid; border--color: #aaaaaa; margin-: 0.125em; margin-right: 0px; margin-: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-: 0.5em; zoom: 1;">Provincial capitals of Flanders</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.125em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border--width: 1px; border--style: solid; border--color: #aaaaaa; margin-: 0.125em; margin-right: 0px; margin-: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-: 0.5em; zoom: 1;">University towns</li> <li style="margin-bottom: 0.125em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border--width: 1px; border--style: solid; border--color: #aaaaaa; margin-: 0.125em; margin-right: 0px; 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padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Català</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Česky</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Cymraeg</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Dansk</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Deutsch</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Eesti</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Ελληνικά</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Español</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Esperanto</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Euskara</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">فارسی</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Français</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Frysk</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Gaeilge</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">한국어</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Հայերեն</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Bahasa Indonesia</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Íslenska</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Italiano</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">עברית</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Kiswahili</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Latina</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Lëtzebuergesch</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Lietuvių</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Limburgs</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Magyar</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Nederlands</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">日本語</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Norsk (bokmål)‎</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Occitan</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Polski</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Português</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Română</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Русский</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Simple English</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Slovenčina</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Српски / srpski</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Suomi</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Svenska</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">ไทย</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Türkçe</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Українська</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Tiếng Việt</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Volapük</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Walon</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">West-Vlams</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">Winaray</li> <li style="line-height: 1.125em; padding-: 0.25em; padding-right: 0px; padding-: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 0.75em; word-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px;">中文</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="margin-: 11em; margin-: 0px; background-image: url(data:image/png; base64,ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaeaaaabcaiaaacqd1peaaaadeleqvqihwnyfv0naasganhgopmuaaaaaelftksuqmcc); direction: ltr; -webkit-transition-property: margin-, padding; -webkit-transition-duration: 250ms, 250ms; font-family: sans-serif; 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