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Added by urbanmoon44

John Gullaume deAvesnes Holland

1247-1304
Born: Brabant, Brabant, Belgium
Died: Valenciennes, Nord, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France

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  • Story: John De Avesnes, Count Of Holland

    <p align="center"><strong>John II, Count of Holland<!-- /firstHeading --><!-- bodyContent --> </strong></p><!-- tagline --><div align="center"><strong>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</strong></div><div align="center"></div><!-- /tagline --><!-- subtitle --><div>&nbsp;<strong>John II of Avesnes</strong> (1247 &ndash; 22 August 1304) was the oldest son of <font color="#0645ad">John I of Avesnes</font> and <font color="#0645ad">Adelaide of Holland</font>.</div><p><span>History</span> </p><p>John II was <font color="#0645ad">Count of Hainaut</font> from 1280 to his death, succeeding his grandmother, <font color="#0645ad">Margaret II</font>. John continued the war between the <font color="#0645ad">House of Dampierre</font> and the <font color="#0645ad">House of Avesnes</font> against count <font color="#0645ad">Guy</font> of <font color="#0645ad">Flanders</font> for <font color="#0645ad">imperial Flanders</font>.</p><p>He became <font color="#0645ad">Count</font> of <font color="#0645ad">Holland</font> in 1299 with the death of <font color="#0645ad">John I, Count of Holland</font>, through his mother <font color="#0645ad">Adelaide of Holland</font>, heiress and regent of this county. His descendants maintained this <font color="#0645ad">personal union</font> between the counties.</p><p>His cousin, <font color="#0645ad">Count Floris V</font>, was fighting against Flanders for <font color="#0645ad">Zeeland</font>. He sought help of <font color="#0645ad">France</font> against Flanders. The French defeated the Flemish in 1300 and 1301. The rebels in <font color="#0645ad">Zeeland</font> were defeated as well. John&#39;s brother, <font color="#0645ad">Guy of Avesnes</font>, became <font color="#0645ad">Bishop of Utrecht</font>. So all his main enemies were gone.</p><p>The tide changed dramatically after a Flemish uprising and the defeat of the French army at the <font color="#0645ad">Battle of the Golden Spurs</font> in 1302, where his eldest son was killed fighting for the French. Flemish patriots attacked <font color="#0645ad">Hainaut</font> and Zeeland supported by the dissatisfied population there. <font color="#0645ad">Guy of Namur</font> defeated John&#39;s son, <font color="#0645ad">William</font>, in a battle on the island of <font color="#0645ad">Duiveland</font>. Bishop Guy of Utrecht was taken prisoner. <font color="#0645ad">Guy of Namur</font> and <font color="#0645ad">Duke John II</font> of <font color="#0645ad">Brabant</font> conquered most of <font color="#0645ad">Utrecht</font>, Holland, and Zeeland. <font color="#0645ad">Guy of Namur</font> was finally defeated in 1304 by the fleet of Holland and France at the naval <font color="#0645ad">Battle of Zierikzee</font>. John II regained most of his authority when he died in the same year.</p><div><span>Family</span> </div><p>In 1270, John married <font color="#0645ad">Philippa of Luxembourg</font>, daughter of Count <font color="#0645ad">Henry V of Luxembourg</font> and <font color="#0645ad">Margaret of Bar</font>. Their children were:</p><ol><li>John, Lord of Beaumont, Count of <font color="#ba0000">Ostervant</font>. Killed in battle near Courtrai 11 Jul 1302.</li><li>Henry, a canon in <font color="#0645ad">Cambrai</font>, (died 1303).</li><li><font color="#0645ad">William I, Count of Hainaut</font>. He succeeded his father in 1304. Married <font color="#0645ad">Joan of Valois</font>, daughter of <font color="#0645ad">Charles, Count of Valois</font> and his first wife <font color="#0645ad">Margaret of Naples</font>.</li><li><font color="#0645ad">John of Beaumont</font> (1288 &ndash; 11 March 1356). He was married to Margaret, Countess de Soissons. They had five children.</li><li>Margaret (died 18 October 1342), married <font color="#0645ad">Robert II of Artois</font>, who was killed in battle near Courtrai 11 Jul 1302.</li><li>Alix (died 26 October 1317), married 1290 <font color="#0645ad">Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk</font>. No issue.</li><li>Isabelle (died 1305), married <font color="#0645ad">Raoul de Clermont</font> Lord of Nesle, who was killed in battle near Courtrai 11 Jul 1302.</li><li>Joan, a nun at <font color="#ba0000">Fontenelles</font>.</li><li><font color="#0645ad">Mary of Avesnes</font> (1280&ndash;1354), married <font color="#0645ad">Louis I, Duke of Bourbon</font>.</li><li>Matilda, Abbess of <font color="#0645ad">Nivelles</font>.</li><li>Simon.</li></ol>

  • Story: The House Of Avesnes

    <p align="center"><strong><font size="4">House of Avesnes<!-- /firstHeading --><!-- bodyContent --> </font></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><font size="4">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</font></strong></p><!-- /jumpto --><!-- bodytext --><p><font size="4">The <strong>Avesnes</strong> family played an important role during the <font color="#0645ad">Middle Ages</font>. The family has its roots in the small village <font color="#0645ad">Avesnes-sur-Helpe</font>, in the north of <font color="#0645ad">France</font>.</font></p><p><font size="4">One branch produced a number of <font color="#0645ad">Counts of Holland</font> during the 13th century.The family died out in the 16th century.</font></p><div><font size="4"><span><strong>Origin of the House</strong>: feud between Dampierre and Avesnes</span> </font></div><p><font size="4"><font color="#0645ad">Baldwin</font>, the first emperor of the <font color="#0645ad">Latin Empire</font> of <font color="#0645ad">Constantinople</font>, was as Baldwin IX <font color="#0645ad">Count of Flanders</font> and as Baldwin VI <font color="#0645ad">Count of Hainaut</font>. Baldwin had only daughters and was in turn succeeded by his daughters <font color="#0645ad">Joan</font> (reigned 1205-1244) and <font color="#0645ad">Margaret II</font> (reigned 1244-1280).</font></p><p><font size="4">In 1212 Margaret II married <font color="#0645ad">Bouchard d&#39;Avesnes</font>, a prominent <font color="#0645ad">Hainaut</font> nobleman. This was apparently a love match, though it was approved by Margaret&#39;s sister Joan, who had herself recently married. The two sisters subsequently had a falling-out over Margaret&#39;s share of their inheritance, which led Joan to attempt to get Margaret&#39;s marriage dissolved. She alleged that the marriage was invalid, and without much inspection of the facts of the case <font color="#0645ad">Pope Innocent III</font> condemned the marriage, though he did not formally annul it.</font></p><p><font size="4">Bourchard and Margaret continued as a married couple, having 3 children, as their conflict with Joan grew violent and Bouchard was captured and imprisoned in 1219. He was released in 1221 on the condition that the couple separate and that Bouchard get absolution from the pope. While he was in <font color="#0645ad">Rome</font>, Joan convinced Margaret to remarry, this time to <font color="#0645ad">William II of Dampierre</font>, a nobleman from <font color="#0645ad">Champagne</font>. From this marriage Margaret had two sons: <font color="#0645ad">William II, Count of Flanders</font> and <font color="#0645ad">Guy of Dampierre</font>.</font></p><p><font size="4">This situation caused something of a scandal, for the marriage was possibly <font color="#0645ad">bigamous</font>, and violated the church&#39;s strictures on <font color="#0645ad">consanguinity</font> as well. The disputes regarding the validity of the two marriages and the legitimacy of her children by each husband continued for decades, becoming entangled in the politics of the <font color="#0645ad">Holy Roman Empire</font> and resulting in the long <font color="#0645ad">War of the Succession of Flanders and Hainault</font>.</font></p><p><font size="4">In 1246 king <font color="#0645ad">Louis IX of France</font>, acting as an arbitrator, gave the right to inherit Flanders to the Dampierre children, and the rights to Hainaut to the Avesnes children. This would seem to have settled the matter, but in 1253 problems arose again. The eldest son, <font color="#0645ad">John I of Avesnes</font>, who was uneasy about his rights, convinced <font color="#0645ad">William of Holland</font>, the German king recognized by the pro-papal forces, to seize Hainaut and the parts of Flanders which were within the bounds of the empire. William of Holland was theoretically, as king, overlord for these territories, and also John&#39;s brother-in-law. A civil war followed, which ended when the Avesnes forces defeated and imprisoned the Dampierres at the <font color="#ba0000">Battle of West-Capelle</font> of 4 July 1253, after which John I of Avesnes was able to force Guy of Dampierre and his mother to respect the division of Louis and grant him Hainault.</font></p><p><font size="4">Margaret did not rest in her defeat and did not recognise herself as overcome. She instead granted Hainault to <font color="#0645ad">Charles of Anjou</font>, the brother of King Louis, who had recently returned from the crusade. Charles took up her cause and warred with John I of Avesnes, but failed to take <font color="#0645ad">Valenciennes</font> and just missed being killed in a skirmish. When Louis returned in 1254, he reaffirmed his earlier arbitration and ordered his brother to get out of the conflict. Charles returned to <font color="#0645ad">Provence</font>. With this second arbitration of the holy king, the conflict closed and John I of Avesnes was secure in Hainault.</font></p><p><font size="4">The following decades saw further strife between</font> <font size="4">the Dampierres and the Avesnes, who by the start of the 14th century had also inherited the <font color="#0645ad">County of Holland</font> and <font color="#0645ad">Zeeland</font>.</font></p>

 
 
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